Monsieur Defarge's olfactory sense was by no means delicate, but the stock of wine smelt much stronger than it ever tasted, and so did the stock of rum and brandy and aniseed.

They can include delusions, disordered thoughts and speech, and tactile, auditory, visual, olfactory and gustatory hallucinations, typically regarded as manifestations of psychosis.

Merbach detected no long-range olfactory attraction during his experiments and noted that "all contacts seemed to happen by chance, with termites often missing pitchers less than 1 cm away from them."

Warning display uses virtually the same arsenal of visual, audio, olfactory and behavioral features as sexual selection.

According to the principle of aposematism, in order to avoid costly physical violence and to replace violence with the ritualized forms of display, many animal species use different forms of warning display: visual signals (contrastive body colors, eyespots, body ornaments, threat display and various postures to look bigger), audio signals (hissing, growling, group vocalizations), olfactory signals (producing strong body odors, particularly when excited or scared), behavioral signals (demonstratively slow walking, aggregation in large groups, aggressive display behavior against predators and conspecific competitors).

Significant olfactory and gustatory capabilities of the ACC and fronto-insular cortex appear to have been usurped, during recent evolution, to serve enhanced roles related to higher cognitionranging from planning and self-awareness to role playing and deception.

The diminished olfactory function of humans, compared to other primates, may be related to the fact that spindle cells located at crucial neural network hubs have only two dendrites rather than many, resulting in reduced neurological integration.

This was the most direct physical effect, used in conjunction with the hot air blowers and olfactory emitters to suggest the alien's tongue was licking the audience member's head.

Hunting porbeagles regularly dive from the surface all the way to the bottom, cycling back every few hours; this vertical movement may aid in the detection of olfactory cues.

They find their way to these mainly by using olfactory and magnetic cues.

The syndrome is defined as the following changes: This syndrome is due to optic nerve compression, olfactory nerve compression, and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to a mass (such as meningioma or plasmacytoma, usually an olfactory groove meningioma).

In fetuses, visceral anomalies consisted of dilated brain ventricles, dilated nares, olfactory bulb, renal hypoplasia, and other abnormalities.

As in other deep-sea anglerfishes, the adult male is much smaller than the female and has no illicium; the eyes are minute while the olfactory organs are highly developed, measuring 8–10% of the standard length.

Courtship is more or less the same in all butterflies. Once a female enters the visual field of a male, the male moves quickly to hover over her so that his wings beat rapidly.  The female is then induced to land so that the male can attempt to mate with her.  There are various ways in which the male entices the female, including visual, olfactory, tactile, and auditory cues. Of particular interest is the use of olfactory cues.  Male butterflies produce pheromones from different structures, such as that of the anal fold of the hind wing, that cause the females to perform the appropriate response.  Sometimes, however, females choose to reject a male’s attempt at mating, usually due to the fact that she has already mated with a different male.  She can do so by either avoiding his approach or, if she lands, she will flap her wings quickly and deliberately all while raising her abdomen until the male flies away.  In this way, courtship is primarily a female’s choice.  Furthermore, it has been observed that females also produce a pheromone that aids males in determining whether a female has already mated or not.